Rachel Whiteread Retrospective Opens at National Gallery of Art

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by Deane

(Untitled) Domestic marks the entrance to the Rachel Whiteread exhibition at the National Gallery of Art East Building.

The National Gallery of Art hosts a retrospective exhibition of the work of Rachel Whiteread through January 13, 2019. I covered the exhibition opening for Architectural Record. An excerpt of the article follows.

On the night of November 23, 1993, artist Rachel Whiteread received awards for being both the U.K.’s best artist and its worst. She won the Turner Prize, the Tate Britain’s £20,000 award for top emerging visual artists in the U.K.; but she also garnered a far more dubious distinction: the “Anti-Turner Prize,” which was drawn from the same shortlist as the real Turner prize and included a purse of £40,000, from a group called the K Foundation, who sought to recognize Whiteread as the worst artist in the world. Both prizes related to Whiteread’s highly controversial “House” installation—a life-sized cast of a Victorian East End house, rendered in spray-on concrete.

The same night, in between receipt of the two prizes, Whiteread learned that “House” itself would also be demolished in the name of redevelopment. Although it stood for only 80 days, the piece stirred debate about artists dabbling in architecture as well as the broad trend toward gentrification. Public opinion of the piece at the time ranged from eyesore to masterpiece, with the dual awards reflecting the extreme positions.

A quarter of a century later, Whiteread’s work has continued to accumulate honors, and a retrospective exhibition of her works—titled Rachel Whiteread—from the last 30 years shows a progression of spatial and textural investigations that expand upon themes explored in “House.” Launched at the Tate, the exhibition stopped in Vienna before making its American debut on September 16 at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. Following the show’s four-month run in the capital, it will open at the Saint Louis Art Museum in March 2019.

Read the full story at Architectural Record. Rachel Whiteread is on view at the National Gallery of Art East Building from September 16, 2018 – January 13, 2019.

The entrance to the Rachel Whiteread exhibition passes a field of resin sculptures, “Untitled (Twenty-Five Spaces),” from 1995.

The first gallery highlights early works included in Whiteread’s breakout 1988 show surrounding “Ghost,” her first foray into casting a room.

Whiteread’s casts of mattresses and bathtubs, among other domestic items, fill a large gallery.

“Untitled (Book Corridors)” occupies a corner of a lower-level gallery.

“Untitled (Book Corridors)” shows hints of color where fabric from book covers remained part of the cast after the books were removed.

“Flat Pack House” (2017) was commissioned for the new U.S. Embassy in London.

An orange resin bathtub draws focus in a gallery filled with other domestic items.

Investigations of doors, cast in translucent resin, line one gallery wall.

After the death of Whiteread’s mother, sorting through the boxed contents of her house provided the artist with fodder for another series of casts, including “Contents” (left) and “Fossils” (right, on shelf).

(Untitled) Domestic marks the entrance to the Rachel Whiteread exhibition at the National Gallery of Art East Building.

Hurricanes in Architectural Record

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by Deane

Every year between June and November, Atlantic cities brace themselves for hurricane season. In 2017, three major hurricanes struck the U.S. and wreaked extraordinary damage and loss of life. I wrote about the effect of these hurricanes and the subsequent recovery efforts each region has undertaken in the year since for Architectural Record. An excerpt of the article follows. 

To call the 2017 hurricane season “devastating” hardly captures the severity of the toll levied upon lives, homes, and infrastructure over the course of a single month. Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria were responsible for hundreds of deaths—almost 3,000 in Puerto Rico alone, according to the most recent estimates—and approximately $300 billion in damages last year. Each of these storms brought enough destruction to rank in the five costliest since 1980, and their quick succession compounded the carnage; many hurricane victims had barely recovered from one storm before the next arrived.

Recovery efforts began as soon as the winds subsided and the waters receded, yet, a year later, many displaced residents are still rebuilding, and, in some places, power still a problem. In the immediate aftermath of the 2017 season, Architectural Record contacted architects in each affected region and has followed up with many of the same people a year into the recovery efforts. Rising sea levels and climate change are pushing waterfront communities to reevaluate their hurricane preparedness strategies and push for increased resiliency measures, to make communities better able to withstand whatever weather is in future forecasts.

Hurricane Maria
Landfall: Sept. 20, 2017 (Puerto Rico)
Fatalities: 1,427 (latest estimate as of press time)
Damages: $125 billion

The damage dealt to Puerto Rico in the one-two punch of Irma and Maria was so extensive that its government estimates recovery may take another decade, according to a report issued to Congress in August. The island’s aging electrical grid, strained by Irma, was nearly obliterated during Maria, leaving 3.4 million inhabitants in the dark for months; though authorities say power has been restored, the system is considered vulnerable. Also ongoing are efforts to assess with any accuracy exactly how many fatalities Maria caused; long-term flooding, combined with lack of potable water and basic sanitation, are among the lingering detrimental effects that have elevated the number of deaths indirectly caused by Maria, especially among weaker segments of the population. The island’s economy and infrastructure, which were already suffering prior to the hurricanes, will require significant reinvestment just to bring baseline services back online.

One of the biggest challenges in Puerto Rico’s recovery is its geographic position as an island territory; Florida and Texas, by contrast, were able to make use of established interstate routes, networks, and supply chains to begin disaster assistance even before their respective storms hit. “Being on an island, it’s easy to see your borders, and it’s also easy to understand that you’re kind of on your own and there’s no way to get immediate help,” says Jonathan Marvel, one of the cofounders of Resilient Power Puerto Rico (RPPR). His team mobilized in the immediate aftermath of last year’s hurricanes to begin installing solar arrays on the roofs of community centers, to power up critical services, and, long-term, create redundancy with the power grid in the event of future outages. “What we’re trying to do is create a shelter-in-place model, using renewable energy, that could be attractive at a global scale for other places,” he says.

Read the full story at Architectural Record.

Snarkitecture Opens Its Fun House at the National Building Museum

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by Deane

Fun House at the National Building Museum

The National Building Museum has filled its Great Hall with summer-themed “Block Party” exhibitions for the last several years. I covered this year’s installation, the fifth overall and the second by Snarkitecture, for Architectural Record. Fun House will be on view through Sept. 3. An excerpt of the article follows.

Washington, D.C.’s cultural institutions can feel a bit stuffy and buttoned-down, but a newly opened exhibition at the National Building Museum (NBM) encourages something wholly unexpected: Fun. For the fifth iteration of its series of “Summer Block Party” exhibitions, the NBM brought back New York-based firm Snarkitecture to build an immersive installation within its football field-sized (and, crucially, air-conditioned) Great Hall.

The first go-round was a tentative toe into the large-scale exhibition water, with Bjarke Ingels Group’s self-referential BIG Maze occupying just one end of the Great Hall in 2014. Icebergs, in 2016, went full speed ahead into the cooling metaphor, serving up partially submerged polycarbonate “bergy bits” (as well as ice cream) in James Corner Field Operations’ blue-netted seascape. 2015’s edition, The Beach, also by Snarkitecture, remains one of the museum’s most popular exhibitions ever, receiving over 180,000 visitors during its eight-week run.

Fun House keeps a kidney-shaped, kiddie-pool-sized version of The Beach’s main attraction: A ball-pit filled with thousands of translucent plastic balls that made for oh-so-many slow-motion backdives and Instagram pictures. And it adds an encapsulated retrospective look at Snarkitecture’s other work through a gabled, roughly 24-foot-tall house at the center of the Great Hall.

Read the full story at Architectural Record.

Children jump into the pool at Fun House

Left to right: Alex Mustonen, Maria Cristina Didero, Daniel Arsham, and Benjamin Porto

“Usually with art and architecture, you go and you stand—and you don’t touch it. You just kind of feel the space around you,” says Snarkitecture partner Benjamin Porto. “But part of our work, in the removing of color, is that you start to focus on the material and the textures. People let their guard down, and then they start touching everything, and that’s how you let adults be kids. I think kids will have fun with anything; it’s more about how you get adults to engage.”

Engagement starts just inside a white picket fence, where visitors enter through an excavated foam doorway that recreates Dig, a piece commissioned by New York’s Storefront for Art and Architecture in 2011. The ceiling of the central hallway pays homage to the firm’s partnership with apparel retailer Kith, with dozens of all-white Air Jordans suspended from the ceiling. Off the hallway, typical residential features are reimagined to fit the playful Snarkitecture ethos, displaying various pieces from the firm’s last decade of production. In the bathroom, the hexagonal penny tile floor repeats as a camouflage print on clothing—a 2015 collaboration with Print All Over Me—hanging from the walls; an all-white wooden crate filled with more of the translucent balls of The Beach stands in for the bathtub. In the study, explorations into furniture—a broken cabinet, a cracked marble record crate, and a bifurcated bench—dive into Snarkitecture’s fascination with creating a sense of erosion.

“There’s a type of Japanese pottery, kintsugi, which is broken and then reassembled, and the crack shows the imperfection in it,” says Snarkitecture co-founder Daniel Arsham. “So much of our work is about this area between construction and demolition. You could look at this house and say, ‘O.K., the house is actually falling apart,’—it’s being peeled away. But you could also look at it as being in the process of construction. It’s either decaying or being built. And that middle place where the work sits is often where we try to situate a viewer.”

Read the full story at Architectural Record.

A child stands in forced perspective on Fun House’s back patio

Snarkitecture co-founder Daniel Arsham rests on a pyramid of cushions in Fun House’s garden room

Two children examine the ball-filled bathtub at Fun House

Wallpaper in the study gives the illusion of peeled away depth

Snarkitecture partners Alex Mustonen, Daniel Arsham, and Benjamin Porto pose in the pool behind Fun House at the National Building Museum

Oversized benches spell out “FUN HOUSE” in the front yard

Read the full story at Architectural Record. Fun House will be on view at the National Building Museum through Sept. 3.

880 P Street in ArchitectureDC Summer Issue

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by Deane

880 P Street

I was pleased to contribute two articles to ArchitectureDC Magazine’s annual residential design issue (Summer 2018), looking at housing from both the single-family and multifamily perspectives. On the single-family front, it was David Jameson’s Hull House in Alexandria, which is a contemporary take on the gabled-roof silhouette so prevalent in that neighborhood. The multifamily project was 880 P Street by Shalom Baranes, the last piece of a multi-block development puzzle in the heart of Shaw centered around the historic market at O Street. An excerpt from the article follows. 

Lobby

Fifty years ago this spring, as the nation recoiled from the assassination of Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr., its capital descended into four days of that left whole swaths of Washington in smoking rubble. A quarter century later, the Victorian-styled O Street Market—which had served continuously as the Shaw neighborhood’s public marketplace since its 1881 completion, but was slow to re-emerge from that post-riot rubble—was again the site of turmoil as gun violence erupted, injuring eight people and killing one, 15-year-old Duwan A’Vant.

In the two decades that followed the 1994 shooting, O Street Market fell into disrepair. A grocery chain, Giant, opened and paved over the rest of the two blocks bounded by O Street, NW, to the south, P Street to the north, and 7th and 9th streets to the east and west, respectively. Now, thanks to a forward-thinking re-investment initiated by Roadside Development in 2001, the O Street Market is restored, and the two blocks are filled with a hotel, various restaurants, and new mid-rise residential buildings that bring density and housing into a historic district that needs both. The last piece of that puzzle, designed by Shalom Baranes Associates (SBA), is 880 P Street.

“I think the building is an example of how you can do contemporary design in historic neighborhoods, and it’s going to be OK,” said Robert Sponseller, AIA, who is a design principal at SBA, and who led the master plan. “You can put modern and old together, and there’s a synergy you get when you do that that’s more powerful than just recreating the old.”

Read the full story at ArchitectureDC.

Southward view from the 880 P Street rooftop

Rooftop amenities include a swimming pool, a grilling deck, an outdoor shower, and this lounge with shuffleboard table

The 880 P Street project occupies the L-shaped northwest corner of the site, and completes the second phase of the overall City Market at O master plan, which was also designed by SBA. The site development restores the 8th Street right-of-way that had been eliminated in the mid-1970s, realigning it with the L’Enfant Plan, and resurrects the O Street Market with the insertion of the Giant within its shell (the building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1995).

Phase one of the project also included the Hodge—an apartment tower of 90 affordable units aimed at seniors, to fulfill requirements of Washington’s inclusionary zoning laws—as well as two, 10-story market-rate condominium towers and the 182-room Cambria Hotel at the southwest corner of the site. While residents of the Hodge must meet income thresholds—18 units are set aside for people who earn less than 50 percent of area median income (AMI), with the other 72 for those at or below 60 percent AMI—the other three market-rate towers, including 880 P Street, have no such restrictions.

The 880 P Street building and its two sibling apartment complexes aim squarely at a higher-income demographic, with one-bedroom units starting upwards of $2,400 per month (rents at the Hodge, by contrast, are $964 to $1,169). Billed as luxury living, the units themselves are compact, but outfitted with finishes such as Italian cabinetry and Corian countertops. Floor-to-ceiling windows and private balconies afford broad views outward and daylight penetration within. In two-bedroom units, Raydoor fixed and sliding partitions take advantage of the abundance of daylight to cast a diffuse glow in the secondary bedroom.

Read the full story at ArchitectureDC.

Hull House in ArchitectureDC Summer Issue

On
by Deane

David Jameson’s Hull House

I was pleased to contribute two articles to ArchitectureDC Magazine’s annual residential design issue (Summer 2018), looking at housing from both the single-family and multifamily perspectives. The multifamily project was 880 P Street, the last piece of a development puzzle in the heart of Shaw. On the single-family front, it was David Jameson’s Hull House in Alexandria, which is a contemporary take on the gabled-roof silhouette so prevalent in that neighborhood. It’s a straightforward parti with a complex, folded roof that prompts Jameson to talk about origami when mentioned. An excerpt from the article follows. 

The entry—a notch carved into the south-facing stone wall—is obscured from eastbound traffic

The popularity of gabled rooflines isn’t unique to Alexandria, Virginia—that angled silhouette has served as a signifier of “house” from the earliest ages, assembled easily in children’s drawings or blocks by placing a triangle atop a square. Although pitched roofs are so standard as to be written into Alexandria’s historic district design guidelines, for David Jameson, FAIA’s, latest project in the city, everything beneath that traditional roofline is decidedly unconventional.

Hull House, which is sited along a busy cut-through between one of Alexandria’s main drags and its Old Town neighborhood, cuts a jagged profile as viewed from the street, with a narrow central volume flanked by two larger, unequal wings (“We call it Hull House because it’s like you’re living in the hull of a boat,” Jameson said). But beyond the flash of copper roofing and a glint of glass beneath its pointed prows, the true nature of the house lies hidden behind a 60-foot-long stone wall, with its entrance carved at an angle invisible from eastbound traffic. That wall doubles back to define an eight-foot-deep service core of restrooms and closets—recalling the “servant spaces” in the designs of seminal modernist architect Louis I. Kahn—and acts as a physical and acoustical barrier between occupants and passing traffic.

Read the full story at ArchitectureDC.

Large roof overhangs allow ample daylight while mediating solar gain

The rock wall gives way to Hull House’s entrance

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